KEVIN HOLCOMB, MD

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This study looked at a condition called homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in various cancers to improve how doctors select patients for treatments with PARP inhibitors. They analyzed 580 tumor samples and found that HRD was present in different types of cancer: 21% in breast cancer, 20% in pancreaticobiliary cancers, and 17% in gynecological cancers, among others. Importantly, about a quarter of patients with HRD did not have mutations in the common BRCA1/2 genes, showing that other genetic alterations can also contribute to HRD. Who this helps: This research benefits cancer patients by identifying a broader range of individuals who may respond to specific treatments.

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This study looked at a type of radiation therapy called hypofractionated radiation therapy (HFRT) for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. Out of 22 patients, 4.55% experienced complete remission, 36% had partial improvement, and the average time without disease progression was 11.5 months, while overall survival was 28.7 months. This matters because HFRT is well-tolerated and offers a viable treatment option for patients who might not respond to traditional chemotherapy. Who this helps: Patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, especially those with fewer tumors.

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This study focused on a young woman who developed a serious heart condition called torsades de pointes (TdP) while taking high doses of methadone, especially during alcohol withdrawal. Even after standard treatments like magnesium, her condition didn't improve until she was given isoproterenol, which successfully resolved the problem. This is important because it highlights that isoproterenol can be an effective treatment option for patients who still experience TdP despite initial therapies. Who this helps: This helps patients on methadone who are at risk for heart issues, especially during alcohol withdrawal.

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This research looks at the cosmetic effects of weight loss from GLP-1 treatments, which can lead to problems like sagging skin and wrinkles. The study found that patients using these therapies often need combined nonsurgical treatments to address issues such as volume loss and skin quality. Proper timing and ongoing support are important for achieving good results. Who this helps: This benefits patients undergoing weight loss with GLP-1 therapies who are seeking cosmetic improvements.

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This review compiled newly available field collection data, museum specimens, and published records to produce an updated distribution map for Culicoides paraensis in the United States, expanding its known range to 219 counties across 24 states. New state records were established for Arkansas, Michigan, New Jersey, and Washington DC. The review also synthesizes the biology, surveillance methods, and public health significance of this species as Oropouche virus spreads in the Caribbean and generates travel-associated cases in the US.

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This study looked at how patients and healthcare providers feel about using telemedicine for gynecological appointments among a mostly low-income and diverse patient group. Out of 192 patients, 82% completed surveys, and they rated their experience highly, averaging 4.3 out of 5 for usability. Many patients saved time and money by avoiding long trips to the clinic, with 54% indicating they would have traveled over an hour for a visit. Who this helps: This benefits low-income women seeking gynecological care and the healthcare providers who support them.

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This study looked at advanced-stage uterine and tubo-ovarian cancers to find useful biomarkers that can help guide treatment. Researchers analyzed 91 tumor samples and found that about 50% of the cases with a specific genetic condition (homologous recombination deficiency) had no known mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes, but these cases still responded better to certain therapies like platinum-based drugs. This information is crucial because it improves the understanding of which patients might benefit from targeted treatments, ultimately leading to better survival rates. Who this helps: Patients with advanced uterine and tubo-ovarian cancers.

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This study looked at whether it's practical to conduct sexual health screenings for patients with BRCA1/2 gene changes, who face a higher risk of ovarian cancer and may experience sexual dysfunction after preventive surgery. Out of 103 patients who participated, all completed the screening, and 36% reported issues with sexual health. Most importantly, many had never talked about sexual health with their doctors before, highlighting a significant gap in care. Who this helps: This helps patients with BRCA1/2 mutations and their healthcare providers.

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This study focused on improving HPV vaccination rates among parents and young adults in a low-income, diverse community by using an engaging online education tool called PALS that included three videos about the HPV vaccine. After participating, knowledge about the vaccine significantly increased from an average score of 9.87 out of 27 to 17.53 out of 27, and nearly 40% of unvaccinated patients received at least one shot within a month of the intervention. This is important because better understanding of HPV vaccinations can help increase vaccination rates and reduce health disparities in underserved populations. Who this helps: This benefits patients and their families, particularly those from low-income and diverse backgrounds.

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This study looked at how effective it is to use breast cancer risk assessment tools in a gynecologic oncology clinic. Out of 99 patients, about 22% were found to have a lifetime risk of 20% or more for breast cancer using one specific assessment model, while another model detected 52.5% of patients as having a 5-year risk of 1.67% or more. This is important because identifying high-risk patients allows for better monitoring and preventive care, which can ultimately improve outcomes. Who this helps: This helps patients at risk of breast cancer by providing them with tailored screening and preventative options.

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This study looked at how the stiffness of the material surrounding pancreatic islets affects their ability to secrete insulin. The researchers found that when the material is firmer, it disrupts insulin secretion due to changes in calcium flow and other internal processes. By blocking a specific channel called Piezo1, they were able to restore insulin secretion in these stiff conditions, highlighting the importance of the surrounding environment in islet function and suggesting new treatment avenues for conditions like type 2 diabetes and pancreatic cancer. Who this helps: This helps patients with type 2 diabetes and pancreatic cancer.

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This research focused on creating tiny capsules that deliver drugs specifically to the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, which are crucial for managing Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). The capsules, known as nanocapsules, are customizable and can carry different targeting molecules, making them highly effective; they were able to reach these insulin-producing cells with high specificity. This targeted drug delivery could lead to better treatments that may slow down, prevent, or even reverse T1D. Who this helps: Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.

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This study looked at how a treatment called deferiprone, which removes excess iron from cells, affects ovarian cancer. The researchers found that deferiprone helps the immune system recognize and fight ovarian cancer better, leading to improved survival in mice—specifically, it prolonged their lives when combined with chemotherapy. This matters because it presents a new way to tackle ovarian cancer that might work better than current treatments alone. Who this helps: This helps patients with ovarian cancer, particularly those who are not responding well to standard treatments.

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This study investigated a new type of tiny delivery system, called nanocapsules, designed to specifically target and treat pancreatic β-cells, which are important for managing Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). The researchers created these nanocapsules to carry different kinds of drugs and found that they could effectively deliver both fat and water-soluble substances to human β-cells, demonstrating a high level of precision. This is important because it could lead to more effective diabetes treatments with fewer side effects. Who this helps: This research benefits patients with Type 1 Diabetes by potentially improving their treatment options.

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This study focused on understanding how a protein called transgelin 2 (TAGLN2) helps T cells absorb fats and fight tumors. Researchers found that TAGLN2 is essential for T cells to take in fatty acids, which boost their energy and effectiveness against cancers; when they restored TAGLN2 in stressed T cells, those cells were better able to function and kill cancer cells. These findings are important because enhancing TAGLN2 could improve cancer treatments, especially for patients with solid tumors like ovarian cancer. Who this helps: Cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.

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The study looked at the challenges family members face when trying to complete genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Out of 114 relatives identified as at risk, 86% expressed interest in testing, but only 71% of those actually went through with it. Key barriers included fears about genetic discrimination and positive results, even when support was provided by a medical team. Who this helps: This helps patients and their families by highlighting the importance of addressing concerns about genetic testing.

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This research focuses on the differences in uterine cancer experiences between Black women and White women in the U.S. It found that Black women face higher rates of disease and poorer outcomes, due in part to differences in diagnosis, treatment, and the characteristics of the tumors. Understanding these disparities is crucial to improve care and health outcomes for affected groups. Who this helps: This helps Black women facing uterine cancer and healthcare providers working to address these disparities.

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This study looked at how effective a new online tool is for gathering family histories related to cancer compared to the usual method where a doctor collects this information. Out of 250 patients, those using the online tool had a much higher success rate in providing adequate family histories, with 58% of them meeting the standards compared to just 5% with traditional methods. This matters because better family histories can lead to more patients getting important genetic counseling and testing, with 31% of those using the tool completing counseling compared to 14% with usual care. Who this helps: This helps cancer patients and their families by improving access to genetic testing and counseling.

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This study looked at how much patients value a specific type of surgery, salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy (RRSDO), as a way to lower their risk of ovarian cancer. Researchers found that between 34% and 71% of patients accepted this option, with factors like preserving fertility and avoiding menopause positively influencing their decision, while concerns about safety and complications held some back. Understanding these patient perspectives is important because it helps doctors better support and guide patients at high risk of ovarian cancer. Who this helps: Patients at high risk of ovarian cancer and their doctors.

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This study looked at how well people with hereditary cancer syndromes inform their relatives about their potential risks for cancer. It found that 70% of at-risk relatives were told about their risk, but only 43% of those went on to get genetic testing. This matters because many relatives remain unaware of their cancer risks, and if they don't get tested, they miss out on important prevention opportunities. Who this helps: This helps patients and their families understand genetic risks better.

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This study looked at how often patients with gynecologic cancer use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and how their beliefs about CAM relate to their race and income. Out of 130 patients surveyed, only 18% reported using CAM, with significant differences in attitudes based on their race—Black and Asian patients saw more benefits from CAM, while Hispanic, White, and American Indian patients reported feeling more barriers. Understanding these differences is important for doctors to provide better support and tailored options for patients interested in CAM. Who this helps: This helps patients with gynecologic cancer looking for supportive treatment options.

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Researchers studied the effects of a medication called trifarotene on people with moderate-to-severe acne and atrophic acne scars. They found that after 24 weeks, those using trifarotene had an average reduction of 5.9 scars compared to 2.7 in those who used a placebo, showing it was significantly more effective (p<0.0001). This matters because it means trifarotene can help reduce both acne and acne scarring, improving the skin's appearance for patients. Who this helps: Patients dealing with acne and its scars.

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This study looked at the use of chatbots—AI programs that can have conversations—specifically for assessing genetic risks related to cancer and providing counseling. The review analyzed seven studies, revealing that about 36.7% of people completed the genetic risk assessments when using these chatbots. This is important because chatbots can help more people access genetic counseling services, which many do not currently use. Who this helps: Patients at risk for hereditary cancers.

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This study looked at how a protein called Transgelin 2 (TAGLN2) helps T cells, which are crucial for fighting cancer, take in fats that they need for energy. Researchers discovered that when TAGLN2 is functioning well, T cells can better use these fats to stay energized and effectively attack tumors; specifically, T cells with more TAGLN2 were better at fighting ovarian cancer in experiments. This research is important because it shows a way to improve cancer treatments by enhancing T cell function through the TAGLN2 pathway. Who this helps: Patients undergoing treatment for ovarian cancer and potentially other solid tumors.

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This research looked at how often a specific gene mutation, called PALB2, is found in people with ovarian cancer. Out of nearly 48,200 individuals with ovarian cancer, only 0.4% had this mutation. However, those with ovarian cancer were 2.48 times more likely to carry a PALB2 mutation compared to those without the disease, highlighting its potential link to ovarian cancer. Who this helps: This information benefits patients and doctors by improving understanding of genetic risks associated with ovarian cancer.

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This study looked at low-grade, low-stage endometrial cancer and how some cases come back after treatment while others do not. Researchers found that tumors that recurred had different genetic mutations and more significant changes in their DNA than those that did not recur. Specifically, they identified new mutations in two of the recurrent tumors, including one linked to potential treatments, and higher levels of certain genetic alterations in those that eventually came back. Who this helps: This helps doctors and patients by providing insights that could improve tracking and treatment options for this type of cancer.

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This study looked at how well cancer family history is collected from patients in a gynecologic oncology clinic. Researchers reviewed records for 200 new patients and found that while 92.5% had some family history documented, those with a family history of cancer or who had previous genetic testing included more relatives in their reports. This is important because capturing a detailed family cancer history helps assess patients' risks for cancer and can lead to better care. Who this helps: This helps patients, particularly those with a family history of cancer, by improving the assessment of their risk.

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This paper corrects previous findings about the distribution of a certain species in the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge in Virginia. It highlights the importance of accurate data in understanding where this species lives and thrives. This matters because knowing the exact locations can help with conservation efforts and protect the species effectively. Who this helps: This helps conservationists and wildlife managers.

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This study looked at how a substance called lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) found in ovarian cancer tumors affects the immune response. Researchers discovered that LPA lowers the effectiveness of a protective immune signal called type I interferon, which can help fight cancer. By eliminating the enzyme that produces LPA in cancer cells, they were able to improve the immune response and increase survival rates in mice, making them more responsive to cancer treatments. This research highlights the importance of targeting LPA to enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. Who this helps: This helps ovarian cancer patients by potentially improving their treatment outcomes.

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This study looked at the number of Black and Hispanic doctors in the U.S. and estimated how much the number of medical students from these groups needs to increase to achieve equal representation in the medical workforce. The researchers found that a significant increase is necessary—specifically, the number of Black medical students would need to grow by 200%, and Hispanic medical students would need to increase by 160% to match the population's demographics. This matters because having diverse doctors can lead to better healthcare outcomes for all, especially for underrepresented communities. Who this helps: This helps patients, especially those from Black and Hispanic communities.

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This study looked at how different ways of informing family members about hereditary cancer risks affect their likelihood of getting genetic counseling and testing. The researchers found that when medical teams directly contacted relatives, 63% received counseling compared to 35% when patients had to do the outreach themselves. Similarly, 62% of first-degree relatives opted for testing with direct contact, versus 40% with patient-mediated contact. This matters because more relatives getting tested can lead to early detection and potentially life-saving interventions for hereditary cancers. Who this helps: This helps patients and their families at risk for hereditary cancer.

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The study looked at the use of a drug called denosumab to help prevent breast cancer in women with harmful BRCA1/2 gene changes who were planning to have surgery to reduce their risk of ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, the study was stopped before it could begin because not enough women signed up to participate, partly due to strict eligibility rules and the COVID-19 pandemic. This matters because understanding how to better conduct research in this group could lead to new prevention strategies for hereditary cancers. Who this helps: This helps women with BRCA1/2 gene changes at risk for breast and ovarian cancer.

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This study focused on how well at-risk relatives of cancer patients used genetic testing and cancer prevention strategies over two years. Out of 95 participants, 76% continued to engage after two years, with 44% found to carry cancer-related genetic mutations. Of those recommended for screenings, 72% completed at least one, and 40% underwent preventive surgery, all while maintaining low anxiety and depression levels. Who this helps: This helps patients who are at risk for hereditary cancers and their families.

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This study looked at patients with COVID-19 who needed urgent surgeries in New York City to understand how the virus affected their health during and after surgery. Among 468 patients, 36 had COVID-19, and those with the virus had a 16.7% chance of dying during or after surgery, compared to just 1.4% for those without COVID-19. The study found that serious complications occurred in 58.3% of COVID-19 patients, highlighting the need for better screening before surgery to reduce risks. Who this helps: This benefits patients needing urgent surgeries, especially those with COVID-19.

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This study looked at how women with ovarian cancer coped during the COVID-19 pandemic. From 603 women who accessed the survey, 555 completed it, with 73.5% sharing their coping strategies. The researchers found that 39% used emotional support and 36.3% focused on self-care, but 27.2% resorted to distraction and 4.7% used substances to cope, highlighting the importance of helping patients find effective ways to manage stress. Who this helps: This benefits women with ovarian cancer by providing insights for their healthcare providers to better support their mental health.

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This study looked at a harmful pathogen affecting horses in the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge in Virginia. Researchers tested 136 water samples and found the pathogen was most likely to thrive in the environment during the warmer months of June, July, and August, with high-risk areas identified for monitoring. This information is important because it helps wildlife managers keep a closer eye on the health of the Chincoteague Ponies, particularly during peak infection periods. Who this helps: This helps wildlife managers and veterinarians protect the health of horses in the refuge.

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This study looked at how the COVID-19 pandemic affected financial strain and mental health in low-income women with gynecologic cancer in New York City. Researchers found that 71% of the 100 participants had an annual income of less than $40,000, and those with lower incomes experienced more anxiety and worry about their cancer and finances. Additionally, delays in medical care led to a fourfold increase in anxiety levels among patients. Who this helps: This research benefits low-income cancer patients by highlighting the need for better access to care and supportive services.

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This study looked at how many women with ovarian cancer are getting genetic testing, which can help determine their treatment options and outcomes. It found that only 39% ended up being referred for genetic counseling and about 30% completed the testing without any special programs in place. However, using interventions like telemedicine or having genetic counselors in clinics improved testing rates significantly, especially with a high success rate of 99% for mainstreaming services. Who this helps: This research benefits women with ovarian cancer, especially those from underrepresented groups or without insurance, by highlighting the need for better access to genetic testing.

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This study looked at how the influenza A virus infects the respiratory systems of California sea lions, Northern elephant seals, and rhesus macaques. Researchers tested samples from these animals and found that the virus reached its highest levels in the tissues between 48 to 72 hours after infection, increasing significantly in concentration. Understanding how this virus affects marine mammals is important because it helps us learn more about its infection patterns, which can inform conservation efforts and public health. Who this helps: This benefits wildlife researchers and marine mammal conservationists.

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This study examined how effectively a new blood test can identify specific DNA changes in cancer patients. Researchers looked at samples from 75 patients and found that the test correctly detected 77% of the genetic alterations in patients with metastatic cancer, which spread from the original tumor, compared to just 45% for primary tumors. Additionally, the test showed a high agreement of 87% with tissue tests regarding a specific genetic instability, suggesting that this blood test can significantly improve treatment decisions for advanced cancer patients. Who this helps: This benefits cancer patients and their doctors by providing a less invasive way to guide treatment.

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This study looked at how technology can help collect family cancer histories (FCH) from patients, which is important for identifying people at risk of genetic cancers. The researchers found that using electronic surveys before appointments resulted in an 84% completion rate, while tablet surveys used in offices had an even higher completion rate of 89%. Overall, they found that electronic methods not only make it easier and faster for patients to share this important information, but also lead to a significant number of referrals for genetic testing, which can improve patient care. Who this helps: This helps patients at risk for hereditary cancers, as well as doctors who need accurate family health information to provide better treatment options.

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This study looked at the differences between men and women who were hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City. It found that among nearly 5,000 patients, men were more likely to die from the virus than women, even when they had similar levels of the virus in their bodies. This is important because it highlights the need to understand why men are at a higher risk, which can help improve treatment and care for patients. Who this helps: This helps doctors and healthcare providers in treating patients with COVID-19.

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This study looked at a 60-year-old woman who experienced vision problems and eye inflammation after getting facial fillers made from hyaluronic acid. She fully recovered after receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy. This finding is important because it shows that hyperbaric oxygen therapy can effectively treat eye issues that arise from cosmetic procedures, a first in medical literature. Who this helps: Patients experiencing complications from facial filler injections.

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This study looked at young women with early-stage clear cell ovarian cancer to see if having fertility-sparing surgery (which allows them to keep their ability to have children) affects their overall survival compared to more radical surgery. Among the 159 patients analyzed, both groups had similar survival rates after five years—89% for fertility-sparing surgery and 87.9% for radical surgery, indicating that choosing one type of surgery over the other did not significantly impact survival. This is important because it means young women can consider options that preserve their fertility without negatively affecting their cancer treatment outcomes. Who this helps: This helps young women diagnosed with early-stage ovarian clear cell cancer who wish to preserve their fertility.

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This study looked at how cancer treatment for women was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic at three hospitals in New York City. Out of 302 patients with gynecologic cancer, 117 (about 39%) had their treatment delayed, changed, or canceled due to COVID-19. The findings showed that patients in certain areas, younger patients, and those who tested positive for COVID-19 were more likely to experience these changes, suggesting a significant impact of the pandemic on cancer care. Who this helps: This research benefits patients with gynecologic cancer and their doctors by highlighting how the pandemic affected treatment delivery.

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This study examined how women with brain metastases from gynecologic cancers are treated and how these treatments affect their survival. The researchers looked at 32 patients, finding that those who received both surgery and radiation for their brain metastases tended to live longer than those who had other types of radiation alone. Notably, for each month that passed from the initial cancer diagnosis until the brain metastasis developed, there was a 7% decrease in the risk of death for these patients. Who this helps: This research benefits patients with brain metastases from gynecologic cancers and their doctors by providing insights on treatment options that may lead to longer survival.