DR. JIHAD T. ABBAS, M.D.

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This research examined whether using local anesthesia is as effective as general anesthesia for patients with open globe eye injuries. The study analyzed data from four studies involving 1,690 patients and found that while there was no significant difference in visual outcomes, local anesthesia resulted in shorter wounds and faster surgery times. This is important because it suggests local anesthesia can be a safer, effective option for treating certain eye injuries without impacting vision. Who this helps: This helps patients with open globe eye injuries who may benefit from less invasive surgical options.

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This study compared two surgical treatments for lowering eye pressure in children with glaucoma: Micropulse Cyclophotocoagulation (MP-CPC) and Continuous Wave Cyclophotocoagulation (CW-CPC). Researchers found that, after 12 months, CW-CPC reduced eye pressure by about 6.9 mmHg more than MP-CPC, and overall, CW-CPC lowered eye pressure by 4.2 mmHg more than MP-CPC across follow-ups. This is important because reducing eye pressure can help prevent vision loss in children with glaucoma. Who this helps: This benefits children with glaucoma and their doctors.

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This study followed health science students over two years to examine low back pain (LBP) and identified that about 49% experienced LBP lasting at least one month. The research found that females were more likely to suffer from LBP, and those with a history of pain faced higher risks, with significant findings showing that those with previous pain were over three times more likely to have LBP again. This is important because it highlights a common issue among students who are preparing for health-related careers, suggesting that they may need better training on posture and physical health to reduce these risks. Who this helps: This helps health science students by informing them about their risk factors and suggesting ways to prevent back pain.

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This study explored how to create tiny iron oxide particles (FeONPs) using extracts from a type of blue-green algae called Arthrospira. Researchers found that these particles had strong antioxidant properties, with effective concentrations ranging from about 82 to 453 micrograms per milliliter, and they were particularly effective against a mold called Aspergillus flavus, needing just 22.5 micrograms per milliliter to show results. This matters because these particles could be a green alternative for producing materials that help fight infections and reduce inflammation, potentially leading to safer and more effective medical treatments. Who this helps: Patients needing new treatments for infections and inflammation.

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This study looked at how the spine and cushioning discs in humans have changed over time to support walking on two legs, compared to our closest relatives, chimpanzees and gorillas. Researchers examined the spine structures of 240 humans and across various measures found that humans have unique features like thicker discs and stronger vertebrae that help us stand and move upright. These adaptations are important because they allow us to be more mobile and stable on two legs, which is essential for everyday activities. Who this helps: This research benefits doctors and health professionals who treat spine-related issues in patients.

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This study looked at how body weight, measured by body mass index (BMI), affects how often people with diabetes in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia use healthcare services. It found that 58.8% of the patients were overweight and 30.0% were obese. Overweight patients were 43% more likely to use outpatient services, while obese patients were 83% more likely; in contrast, underweight patients were more than double as likely to need hospital admissions. This information highlights the connection between weight and healthcare needs in diabetic patients, which can help in planning better health services. Who this helps: This helps patients with diabetes and healthcare providers by highlighting the importance of weight management.

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Researchers compared two types of eye surgery for children with primary congenital glaucoma, a serious eye condition that can lead to blindness. They found that 360-degree trabeculotomy was more effective than traditional angle surgery; it lowered eye pressure by an average of 2.1 mmHg, reduced the need for medication by about 0.47 drops, and had a much higher success rate (5 times better at achieving complete success). This is important because better surgery means a greater chance of preserving vision and reducing the need for ongoing treatment. Who this helps: This helps children with primary congenital glaucoma and their families.

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This research reviewed how nurse-led care compares to standard care for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD). It found that involving nurses in patient care led to significant improvements in several areas, including better management of symptoms, sleep quality, energy levels, and overall health, affecting 964 patients across 10 studies. However, it did not significantly change physical functioning or patient satisfaction, showing that while nurse-led care helps with specific issues, there's still room for improvement in overall CKD management strategies. Who this helps: This benefits patients with chronic kidney disease and healthcare professionals seeking effective management strategies.

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This study looked at how the gap between what companies expect from innovation and what they actually achieve affects their digital transformation efforts. It found that when this "innovation expectation gap" is larger, companies are more likely to adopt digital technologies to boost their innovation abilities. Specifically, it showed that strong CEO leadership can increase this motivation, especially when CEOs have diverse skills and a good understanding of digital tools. Who this helps: This benefits business leaders and manufacturers looking to improve their competitiveness through digital changes.

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This study looked at low back pain (LBP) in first-year health sciences students, finding that 46% experienced LBP in the past month. Researchers used advanced computer algorithms to identify factors contributing to this pain, discovering that a history of pain was the strongest link to LBP. This matters because understanding these factors can help develop targeted strategies to prevent LBP among students who face high risk. Who this helps: This helps students and educational institutions by raising awareness about health issues in academic settings.

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This study looked at how to use waste from marble production, specifically marble waste powder, to recover valuable materials and remove pollutants. After treating the waste powder at high temperatures, researchers found that up to 93% of a dye called Methylene Blue could be removed, showing it has strong potential for environmental cleanup. This is important because it offers a way to reduce waste and extract useful resources from marble that would otherwise be discarded. Who this helps: This benefits environmental scientists and companies looking for sustainable waste management solutions.

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This study examined a rare type of fluid-filled sac in the brain called an arachnoid cyst, specifically located in the fourth ventricle, in a 55-year-old man who experienced headaches and weakness. The cyst was found to be causing significant pressure on the brain, leading to various neurological problems. After surgery to remove the cyst and relieve the pressure, the patient showed improvement in his neurological functions, highlighting the importance of timely intervention for such cases to prevent serious complications. Who this helps: This helps patients with rare neurological conditions and their doctors by providing insight into effective treatment options.

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This study looked at how feelings of being overqualified for a job affect university lecturers and department heads, focusing on factors like organizational politics and boredom. It found that 52% of participants felt overqualified, which led to less adaptive behavior in their roles unless they found their work meaningful. When work is seen as significant, being overqualified can actually boost motivation and adaptability. Who this helps: This research benefits university staff and administrators who want to improve job satisfaction and performance.

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This study focused on improving the way machines classify medical images to better detect early signs of diabetic retinopathy, a condition that can lead to blindness if not diagnosed quickly. The researchers developed a new model called MSCAS-Net, which accurately analyzes images and achieved accuracy rates of 93.8%, 89.8%, and 86.7% on three important tests. This advancement is significant because it can help doctors diagnose diabetic retinopathy early and accurately, preventing vision loss. Who this helps: Patients at risk of diabetic retinopathy.

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This study looked at a young patient with Marfan syndrome who had a giant aneurysm in the aorta, the main artery in the body. The researchers highlighted the importance of quick diagnosis using advanced imaging techniques and noted that timely surgery, like the Bentall procedure, is crucial to prevent serious complications. It's important to keep an eye out for heart issues in young people with connective tissue disorders, as these can pose significant risks. Who this helps: This helps doctors and patients with Marfan syndrome.

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This research focused on thyroid angiosarcoma, a rare and aggressive type of cancer that originates in blood vessels and mainly affects older adults, with an average age of 66. The study found that patients often experience rapid growth of a thyroid mass, and while surgery was common, the overall survival is low, with patients living an average of 28 months after diagnosis and only 40% surviving for three years. This matters because it shows the need for better diagnosis and treatment methods to help improve outcomes for patients with this aggressive cancer. Who this helps: This helps patients with thyroid angiosarcoma and their healthcare providers.

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This paper reviewed how artificial intelligence (AI) can improve the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure (HF), a serious condition affecting millions. Researchers found that AI tools could significantly enhance the early detection of heart issues, helping to prevent complications, and improve patient quality of life by better managing symptoms. For example, personalized apps helped patients take charge of their health, which led to fewer hospital visits and better treatment outcomes. Who this helps: This benefits patients with heart failure by providing them with better care tools and support.

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This study looked at how community hospitals can better manage a serious side effect called cytokine release syndrome (CRS) that can occur in patients treated with a new type of cancer therapy called bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies (BsAbs). Researchers gathered insights from healthcare professionals, identifying three key areas for improvement: creating coordinated plans, building partnerships, and providing patient support. By improving communication and training among staff, hospitals can more effectively respond to CRS and ensure patients receive consistent and timely care. Who this helps: This helps patients receiving bispecific antibodies and the healthcare teams who care for them.

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This study looked at how women with early-stage breast cancer in the Middle East make decisions about their surgery, particularly whether to have a contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) or just a unilateral mastectomy (UM). Out of 253 women, 37 chose CPM, often influenced by having a college education, employment, and a family history of breast cancer. The study found that while patients opting for CPM were more focused on reducing cancer risk and achieving peace of mind, they also faced more complications and expressed higher dissatisfaction with surgery outcomes compared to those who had UM. Who this helps: This research benefits patients by informing them and their doctors about the factors influencing breast cancer surgery decisions and the importance of clear communication about risks and options.

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This study looked at how breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes were treated after a major research trial (Z0011) showed that a less invasive surgery is as effective as the traditional method. At the American University of Beirut Medical Center, 93.4% of patients with early-stage breast cancer opted for sentinel lymph node biopsy alone instead of the more extensive axillary lymph node dissection. The results showed that these patients had very high survival rates—95.9% overall and 93.4% without disease recurrence—demonstrating that the less invasive option is safe and effective. Who this helps: This benefits breast cancer patients seeking less invasive treatment options.

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This study examined a rare type of cancer called orbital T-cell lymphoma, which can easily be mistaken for other eye-related conditions due to similar symptoms. A 21-year-old man showed signs that were initially thought to be from a less serious issue, but further tests revealed he actually had this lymphoma. Timely diagnosis and treatment with chemotherapy led to some improvement in his condition, highlighting the importance of checking for cancer even when symptoms respond well to steroids. Who this helps: This helps patients experiencing unexplained eye symptoms and their doctors by improving diagnostic accuracy.

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The study focused on the Bentall procedure, a surgical method used to treat large aortic root aneurysms in people with Marfan syndrome. The researchers found that this procedure greatly decreases the chances of serious complications, like aortic rupture or dissection, providing long-lasting and positive outcomes for patients. This is important because it helps ensure the safety and well-being of individuals suffering from this condition. Who this helps: Patients with Marfan syndrome.

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This study looked at how economic development, particularly through tourism and infrastructure projects, affects the quality of life in local communities involved in China's One Belt One Road initiative. The researchers found that while tourism and urban growth can lead to increased pollution, investments in renewable energy and technology help reduce carbon emissions. This matters because it highlights a pathway for communities to improve their well-being while still addressing environmental concerns. Who this helps: This helps local communities and policymakers aiming for sustainable development.

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This research looked at mobile audiometry (MA), which uses devices like tablets and smartphones to test hearing, and compared its accuracy to traditional hearing tests. They analyzed 17 studies with over 1,000 participants and found that MA was very close in accuracy to conventional tests, with just a 1.36 decibel difference on average. This is important because mobile audiometry could help more people access hearing tests in places where traditional testing isn't practical. Who this helps: This benefits patients who need hearing assessments but have limited access to conventional clinics.

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This study looked at the safety and effectiveness of a procedure called sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy before surgery. They analyzed data from 186 patients and found that 43 out of 63 initially node-negative patients and 28 out of 123 initially node-positive patients underwent SLNB, with a 100% detection rate for node-negative patients and 96.4% for node-positive patients. The findings show that SLNB can be safely performed after chemotherapy without compromising survival rates, which is important for improving treatment options for these patients. Who this helps: This helps breast cancer patients who receive chemotherapy before surgery.

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This study looked at how being diagnosed with breast cancer before the age of 40 affects survival outcomes for patients in Lebanon. Researchers found that young patients (under 40) had a 5-year disease-free survival rate of 75.6% compared to 92.7% for older patients, but age alone was not found to be a key factor for overall survival or local recurrence after considering other treatments. These results highlight the complexities of breast cancer outcomes among younger patients and suggest that age might not be a definitive indicator of prognosis in this population. Who this helps: Patients diagnosed with breast cancer, particularly those under 40 years old.

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This study looked at how massage and dry cupping therapy might affect heart rhythm problems (dysrhythmia) in patients with heart disease. Researchers found that while dry cupping showed a significant reduction in dysrhythmia symptoms, massage did not have the same effect, and overall, there were no major differences in outcomes among the three groups studied. This is important because finding effective non-drug treatments for heart disease patients could improve their quality of life. Who this helps: This helps patients with heart disease looking for alternative treatments.

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This study looked at how effective mobile health interventions (like apps or online programs) are for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Researchers found that patients using mobile health tools lost weight and had significant improvements in liver health markers, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), compared to those who only received standard care. Specifically, weight decreased significantly (P < 0.0001), AST levels fell (P = 0.002), and ALT levels declined (P = 0.0009), while body mass index (BMI) changes were not significant (P = 0.64). This matters because improving weight and liver health is critical for managing NAFLD effectively. Who this helps: Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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This study looked at wearable robots and how they can be used to help soldiers recover from injuries or prevent them in the first place. Experts agreed that these robots can help in three main areas: preventing injuries, enhancing military tasks, and aiding rehabilitation. By defining what wearable robots are and how they can be used, the research lays the groundwork for better designs and applications in military settings. Who this helps: Patients recovering from injuries, military healthcare providers, and military personnel.

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This study looked at the use of Del Nido cardioplegia (DNC) during heart surgeries in adults to see how it compares to other methods. They analyzed 13 clinical trials that included over 2,200 patients and found that while DNC did not significantly reduce the risk of stroke or death after surgery, it did improve outcomes like the return of heart rhythm and required less medication support. Notably, patients using DNC had a shorter cross-clamp time and needed fewer blood transfusions. Who this helps: This research benefits heart surgery patients and their doctors by providing insights on the use of Del Nido cardioplegia.

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This study focused on a rare type of tumor called myofibroblastoma that usually appears in common areas like the breast and abdomen. Researchers examined a 66-year-old man who had a large, painless swelling in his scrotum, which turned out to be a massive tumor measuring 30 x 20 x 14 cm and weighing over 5 kg. The findings stress that doctors should consider myofibroblastomas when diagnosing scrotal lumps, even when they look unusual, since surgery is very effective for treatment. Who this helps: This helps patients with scrotal masses and their doctors in making accurate diagnoses.

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This study examined the connection between hip muscle flexibility and low back pain in 70 first-year university students. Researchers found that 80% of students had normal hamstring flexibility and 96% had normal iliopsoas flexibility, but shorter hamstrings in males and stress from studies were linked to experiencing low back pain. Understanding this relationship is important because it suggests that improving hip muscle flexibility might help reduce back pain in students. Who this helps: This helps students and health professionals working with them.

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This study looked at a rare condition called spontaneous pneumomediastinum (Hamman's syndrome), which is when air collects in the middle of the chest and can cause sharp chest pain. The researchers reported a case of a young man who experienced this condition along with air in his spine (pneumorrhachis) after a severe asthma attack. Fortunately, he recovered without needing any major interventions, highlighting that while this condition can be alarming, it often has a good outlook. Who this helps: This findings help doctors who treat patients with severe asthma and chest pain.

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This study looked at blood proteins from healthy men and women to see how their bodies express genes differently. Researchers found 20 proteins that varied significantly between the sexes: 11 were more abundant in women (with some being up to eight times higher), while 9 were more abundant in men. Understanding these differences is important because they may influence health risks and responses to diseases in men and women differently. Who this helps: This helps patients and doctors by providing insights into how gender affects health and disease.

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This study looked at what factors might predict when people develop symptomatic degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS), a common spine issue in older adults. Researchers analyzed data from 165 people with DLSS and 180 without it, using advanced machine learning techniques. They found that the size of the spinal canal at certain levels—particularly L5 for men and L4 for women—was the most important predictor of symptoms, and it's crucial to consider multiple spine measurements together rather than just one. Who this helps: This helps older patients at risk for back problems and their doctors in identifying who might need closer monitoring or treatment.

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This study looked at how the mixed-reality HoloLens 2 device improves communication between doctors during emergencies. Thirty ear, nose, and throat trainees used either the HoloLens 2 or a regular phone to explain clinical cases to consultants. The HoloLens 2 not only resulted in better communication scores (12 out of 15 compared to 8 out of 15 for the phone) but also had no communication issues reported, while 7 out of 30 calls using the phone were found to be inadequate. This is significant because using technology like HoloLens 2 can enhance clarity and confidence in medical discussions, which is crucial in urgent situations. Who this helps: This benefits doctors and healthcare professionals working in emergency situations.

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This study looked at breast cancer patients aged 40 and younger, analyzing data from 386 individuals to assess their survival rates and treatment outcomes. Researchers found that 89% of these patients were alive five years after diagnosis, and 76% were alive ten years later, with the best outcomes observed in those diagnosed with early-stage disease—96% survival at five years for stage I and II patients. These findings highlight the effectiveness of current treatments, particularly for younger patients, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care. Who this helps: This helps young breast cancer patients and their healthcare providers in making informed treatment decisions.

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This study looked at how well doctors are managing blood cell drop (cytopenia) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after treatment with a drug called venetoclax combined with other medications. Researchers compared results from before and after new treatment guidelines were introduced (VIALE-A), finding that more patients (61% compared to 45%) got an important biopsy within 28 days of starting treatment after the guidelines were implemented. This change could help doctors better adjust treatment schedules for patients facing side effects without hurting their chances for recovery. Who this helps: This benefits patients with AML and their healthcare providers.

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This study looked at how using rituals in hospitals can help deal with the effects of sexual harassment at work, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers interviewed hospital employees and found that rituals can help repair reputations and improve how organizations are seen by others. By understanding how rituals work and the factors that influence them, the study offers new ways for hospitals to prevent and manage workplace sexual harassment effectively. Who this helps: This helps hospital employees and management by providing strategies to create a safer workplace.

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This study looked at the genetic differences among yellow digger scorpions from Iran. Researchers found that two scorpion specimens from Behbahan, identified as SmKh1 and SmKh2, were closely related to a previously recorded scorpion from the same area. They also noted that these Iranian scorpions shared more similarities with those from the Mediterranean rather than other locations in Iran, suggesting that geographical factors influence their genetic diversity. Who this helps: This helps researchers and doctors understand the genetic background of a scorpion species that can be important for public health and safety.

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This study looked at how cultural tourism and social entrepreneurship can create social value and promote environmental sustainability in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. The researchers found that cultural tourism significantly contributes to environmental sustainability, while social entrepreneurship also plays a crucial role. Specifically, they discovered that increased social value creation links cultural tourism and social entrepreneurship to better environmental outcomes. Who this helps: This benefits communities in tourist areas, helping them develop sustainably while preserving their cultural heritage.

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This study looked at the effects of fasting during Ramadan on patients with heart failure who still have some preserved heart function. Out of 938 patients, those who fasted had fewer severe symptoms, with 23.36% showing NYHA functional class III symptoms compared to 17.77% in the non-fasting group, and 3.76% in class IV, down to 2.19% for the non-fasting group. The fasting patients also reported better overall symptoms and quality of life, making this an important consideration for doctors advising heart failure patients during Ramadan. Who this helps: This helps patients with heart failure and their doctors.

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This study examined how food labels affect what people choose to buy at grocery stores. Researchers found that clear and effective labels help consumers feel more positive about both familiar and new foods, making them more likely to buy them. However, poorly designed labels hindered consumers from being interested in unfamiliar foods. This matters because better food labels can lead to healthier eating choices among consumers. Who this helps: This helps consumers looking to make healthier food choices.

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This study looked at how leaders' personality traits affect the quality of mentoring they provide and how that mentoring, in turn, impacts the job satisfaction and performance of their mentees. Researchers found that leaders who are open to new experiences, agreeable, and emotionally stable significantly improve their mentees’ job satisfaction. In contrast, traits like conscientiousness and extraversion didn’t seem to make a difference. Additionally, strong mentoring leads to higher job satisfaction, which boosts job performance among mentees in Pakistan's education sector. Who this helps: This helps educators and leaders in academic settings improve their mentoring approaches for better outcomes.

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This study looks at how environmental issues in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) affect people's health. Researchers found that a worse ecological situation, as measured by the ecological footprint, is linked to poorer health outcomes, while factors like human education and knowledge positively influence health. More specifically, human capital has a strong positive impact on health, whereas higher energy use tends to harm it. This matters because improving education and managing energy use can lead to better health for people in this region. Who this helps: This helps patients and policymakers in the MENA region.

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This study looks at how technology can help older women, who often face serious health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as mental health issues and a lack of access to care. The researchers aim to review existing studies to see if technology-based solutions can effectively support these women during this difficult time. Understanding and improving these technologies is important because it can enhance the health and well-being of older women, particularly during health crises. Who this helps: This benefits older women who struggle with health issues, especially during pandemics.